Hip Dysplasia: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment Explained

What is Hip Dysplasia?

Hip dysplasia is a condition where the hip joint does not form correctly. Because of this, the hip may be loose or unstable. Sometimes, the top of the thigh bone does not fit well into the hip socket. As a result, the joint can wear out faster. Hip dysplasia can affect babies, children, or adults. Early detection is important for better outcomes. According to the CDC, early treatment can help prevent joint problems later in life.

Common Symptoms of Hip Dysplasia

Many people want to know about hip dysplasia symptoms. However, symptoms can vary by age. In babies, parents may notice signs during diaper changes. In older children or adults, symptoms often appear as pain or trouble moving.

Clicking or popping sounds in the hip

One leg may look shorter than the other

Uneven skin folds on the thighs

Hip pain, especially after activity

Stiffness or limping while walking

Sometimes, symptoms are mild at first. But over time, they can get worse. If you notice any of these signs, it is wise to talk to a doctor.

Causes and Risk Factors

There are several causes and risk factors for hip dysplasia. Some people are born with it, while others develop it later. For example, babies born in breech position have a higher risk. Girls are more likely to have hip dysplasia than boys. Family history also plays a role. If a parent or sibling has hip problems, the risk increases.

Family history of hip dysplasia

Breech birth (baby is born feet-first)

Being female

First-born children

Tight swaddling of infants

Although some risk factors cannot be changed, early screening can help. The WHO recommends newborn screening for hip problems in high-risk groups.

How Hip Dysplasia is Diagnosed

Doctors use several methods for hip dysplasia diagnosis. First, they ask about symptoms and family history. Next, they perform a physical exam. For babies, doctors gently move the hips to check for looseness. In older children or adults, doctors may look for pain or limited movement. Imaging tests help confirm the diagnosis.

Ultrasound: Used for babies under six months

X-ray: Used for older children and adults

MRI or CT scan: Sometimes needed for detailed images

Because early diagnosis leads to better results, it is important to see a doctor if you notice symptoms.

Treatment Options for Hip Dysplasia

There are many hip dysplasia treatment options. The best choice depends on age and severity. For babies, doctors often use a soft brace called a Pavlik harness. This helps keep the hip in place while it grows. In some cases, a cast may be needed. For older children or adults, surgery may be required. Surgery can help reshape the hip or repair damage.

Pavlik harness: Used for infants to hold the hip in place

Closed reduction: Moving the hip into place without surgery

Open reduction: Surgery to fix the hip joint

Hip replacement: For adults with severe damage

Physical therapy: Helps improve strength and movement

With proper orthopedic care for hip dysplasia, many people recover well. However, follow-up visits are important to check progress.

Lifestyle Tips and Prevention

While not all cases can be prevented, some steps may lower the risk. For babies, avoid tight swaddling that keeps the legs straight. Instead, allow the hips to move freely. Parents should attend regular check-ups for early detection. For adults, staying active and maintaining a healthy weight can help protect the hips.

Allow babies to move their legs naturally

Attend all scheduled doctor visits

Watch for signs of hip pain or limping

Stay active with low-impact exercises

Maintain a healthy weight to reduce joint stress

Because early action makes a difference, talk to your doctor if you have concerns.

When to See an Orthopedic Specialist

It is important to know when to seek help. If you notice hip dysplasia symptoms, do not wait. See an orthopedic specialist if you or your child has:

Hip pain that does not go away

Difficulty walking or moving the hip

Uneven legs or limping

Family history of hip problems

Because early treatment leads to better outcomes, timely care is key. Orthopedic care for hip dysplasia can help prevent long-term joint damage.

For personalized advice on hip dysplasia, consult an orthopedic specialist today.